China’s basic education includes pre-school education, nine-year compulsory education from elementary to junior high school, ordinary senior high school education, special education for disabled children, and education for illiterates.
There are more than 200 million elementary and high school students in China. Together with pre-school children, they account for one-sixth of the whole population. For this reason the Central Government has given priority to development of basic education as a key field of infrastructure construction and educational development.
In recent years, senior high school education has developed steadily. In 2003 the enrollment was 7.52 million, 3.1 times that in 1988. Today, the national gross enrollment in senior high schools is only 42.8 percent, much lower than that of developed countries.
The Central Government has invested special funds to improve conditions of elementary and high schools around the country. Some school buildings have been built and expanded, and some crumbling school buildings have been rebuilt. The per-capita educational fund for elementary and high school students has greatly grown. Teaching and research equipment, books and documents in schools have been updated and replenished every year.
According to the World Education Report of 1993,issued by the UNESCO(United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization),there are still more than 900 million illiterate adults in the world.
Though the Chinese government has made great strides in eliminating illiteracy since 1949,China still has 145 million illiterates over the age of 15 according to China’s 1995 sample survey of one-percent of its population,70 percent are women and 37.55 million are between the ages of 15 and 45.
Since 1980s,China has cooperated extensively with UNESCO,the United Nations Population Fund,the Asian Cultural Center and the International Adult Education Council in its anti-illiteracy campaigns and in post-literacy education. The Ministry of Education plans to continue its cooperation with UNESCO in exchanges,staff training,teaching material compilation and projects relating to anti-illiteracy,post-literacy education and adult education.
In China,education is regarded as both an individual benefit and a social necessity. It is a general view that every Chinese has the right and obligation to become educated. Chinese believe that,throught education,an individual acquires the knowledge,skills,attitudes and abilities which will enable him to fit into society and improve his social status. Education helps to shape the society and develop the national strength. Very often,they look to education as the cause of the future of the nation depends largely on education.
Chinese education system consists of 4 categories,namely: elementary education,vocational and technical secondary education,higher educaton and adult education. Elementary education refers to pre-school education, primary education, secondary education, namely: kindergarten, primary school and middle school(junior middle school+senior middle school). According to the Law on Compulsory Education promulgated by the state,all children before 16 years old have an obligation to receive education. At present,there are 165,200 kindergartens with more than 25,000,000 children in China, 687,000 primary schools with more than 1,240,000,000 children,68,415 junior middle schools with more than 40 million students,and 14,380 high schools with more than 6 million students. In addition,there are 1,123 special schools for the deaf and mute,the retarded and the handicapped. More than 168,600 students are accepting education.
Each year,parents have to pay about 300-500 yuan for a child to study in the primary school. A little child would go to primaryschool when he is at 6. Generally,primary school has 6 grades,so children always graduate at 12. After primary school,he will study in junior middle school for 3 years,then taking part in the entrance exams to high school or secondary specialized school. In fact,he can choose what kind of school he prefers to. In the secondary specialized school,he could listen to some special lessons,such as computer and English. He can choose either as his major. The tuition cost of this school is more expensive than high school. Learning in such kind of school will spend at least 2,000-3,000 yuan each year. But in junior middle school or high school,it is only 500-800 yuan a year. When he graduates from high school,there is another exam waiting for him—College Entrance Exam. If he passes the exam,he could go to college,otherwise,he has to look for a job. If his parents can support him,he could study aboard.
Entries from March 2007
The future of chinese education
March 20th, 2007 · No Comments
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The War
March 20th, 2007 · No Comments
What’s war?It’s scare,shadoe and the worst invention of human beings.It destroys the
human civilization,and represents the evil.It continues to develop polity.It’s the common
way to solve problems among the the different countries.
The sequels of war are victory or failure.Everyone needs victory at the end of every
war.So we should find some factors that how to win the [...]
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